Chien‑Chin Chena,b, Kai‑Sheng Liaoa,c*
aDepartment of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, bDepartment of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan, cDepartment of Nursing, Chung‑Jen College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chiayi, Taiwan
Open Access funded by Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation
Abstract
We present a case of a 22‑year‑old female with gross hematuria for 1 month. A 9.5‑cm tumor was found at her left kidney. On suspicion of a renal cancer, she received left nephrectomy. Histologically, it was a hypercellular tumor with undifferentiated anaplastic
neoplastic cells in fascicular sheets intermixed with chondroid nodules. The differential diagnoses included anaplastic sarcoma of the kidney (ASK), anaplastic Wilms tumor, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, clear cell sarcoma of the kidney, rhabdoid tumor of the kidney, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, and synovial sarcoma. Based on the results of the work‑up and literature review, ASK was diagnosed. The postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient began adjuvant chemotherapy (Ifosfamide [1800 mg/m2] and Epirubicin [60 mg/m2]) 5 weeks after the operation. Herein, we present this case to share the experience on an extremely rare entity.
Keywords: Anaplastic sarcoma, Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, Renal tumor, Sarcomatoid carcinoma, Wilms tumor
