Yi‑Sheng Chena, Stephen Shei‑Dei Yanga,b, Chun‑Chun Yangc, Shang‑Jen Changa,b*
aDivision of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan; bSchool of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; cDepartment of General Laboratory, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
Open Access funded by Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation
Abstract
Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms recurrence is common with estimated rate of 30%–50% within 1 year. The study aimed to evaluate the potential risk factors for symptoms UTI recurrence in women at outpatient clinic in a prospective fashion. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2019. Women who visited urological clinics with symptoms suggestive of UTI were invited to fill the questionnaire including baseline characteristics and Urinary Tract Infection Symptom Assessment questionnaire. Mid‑stream urine samples of the participants were collected for urine analysis and urine culture. Phone interviews were done at 12 months’ postclinic visit to inquire if the participants have any episode of UTI symptoms recurrence during the period of time. Results: Among the 188 eligible patients, 183 patients (age = 50.0 ± 15.3 years old) were included in the analysis. There were 44 (24%) participants had UTI symptoms recurrent episodes during the 12‑month follow‑up. Further multivariate analysis revealed that menopause (odds ratio [OR] = 4.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.63–14.68, P = 0.005), history of UTI‑related symptoms within 1 year before the episode OR = 3.79, 95% CI = 1.29–11.15, P = 0.016) and Escherichia coli infection (OR = 4.81, 95% CI = 1.51‑15.28, P = 0.008) were significant risk factors for UTI symptoms recurrence during the 12 months’ follow‑up. Conclusion: Menopause, history of UTI‑related symptoms within 1 year before this episode of UTI and E. coli infection in 12 months were potential risk factors for UTIs symptoms recurrence in women.
Keywords: Diagnosis, Laser flow cytometry, Recurrence, Urinary tract infection, Women
